Guiana Highlands Flat-topped mountains disappearing into mist

MYSTERIOUS TABLETOP MOUNTAINS, shrouded with mist and lush with exotic greenery, give the Guiana Highlands the sense of a land time forgotten, tucked into a remote corner of Venezuela. The highlands stretch into the Guianas and sections of Brazil and seem a real-life Jurassic Park, in flora if not fauna. 

Mount Roraima, 8,986 feet (2,739 m) tall and the most impressive of the flat mountains (called tepuis in the native Pemon language), was the inspiration for Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Lost World, a dinosaur-era adventure novel. 

Eroded over millions of years, the sandstone tepuis, called mesas (tables) by the Spanish, are one of South America’s oldest mountain ranges, rising like giant anvil tops above the surrounding landscape of jungle and savanna. It was only in 1935 that sections of the highlands became known to the Western world when American pilot Jimmy Angel discovered the spectacular waterfall now bearing his name, Angel Falls. 

This is the highest waterfall in the world, with a 3,212-foot (979 m) cascade plummeting off of Auyán Tepuí, also called Devil Mountain. The torrent is 17 times the height of Niagara Falls. It is the highlight of Parque Nacional Canaima, one of the largest national parks in the world, the tiny village of Canaima its gateway.

MAVERICKS: THE BIG WAVE

MAVERICKS: THE BIG WAVE - A COLD-BLOODED MONSTER There, off Half Moon Bay, some nineteen miles south of San Francisco, a half-mile offshore from Pillar Point Harbor, what is perhaps the most dreaded wave anywhere on the planet can be seen breaking. This anomaly of nature feeds both the dreams and the nightmares of every top surfer. 

To get an accurate idea of what this place is like, you need to forget all those colorful surf culture clichés, such as palm trees, flower-patterned shirts, white sand, and bikinis. The local beach boys brave the cold water wearing thick black hooded wetsuits. Besides, they don’t have time to strut about on the beach because they have to paddle for three-quarters of an hour, avoiding rocks and strong currents, to reach the lineup. It’s certainly not the beauty of the scenery that warms their hearts—far from it. 

This place has nothing in common with the sumptuous turquoise undercroft of Tahiti’s Teahupoo or the lightness and delicacy of the waves at Bali or Hawaii. Here, the best they can hope for is a mass of murky water launched at full speed, a dark wall climbing without warning to a height of sixty feet, exploding with such power that it can be recorded on the Richter scale. This monster would probably have remained unknown had a young and intrepid local boy not tamed it in the 1970s. A high school student from Princeton-by-the-Sea, Jeff Clark, had developed a passion for the great beast that roared nearby when the winter storms generated enough of a swell to rouse it. 

In 1975, he risked it for the first time, and then a second. Over a period of fifteen years—always alone—he learned the secrets of this atypical wave ignored by the big-wave surfing community, who only had eyes for Hawaii. And then one day Jeff revealed his secret garden to a group of friends, who couldn’t believe their eyes. Photos of Mavericks went all around the world, and the elite of the discipline rushed to Princeton-by-the-Sea. Then disaster struck. In December 1994, Mark Foo, the master of big wave riding from Hawaii, drowned here, knocked out by blows from the wave soon after arriving. 

Mavericks became the cursed wave that would take more lives and cause many more injuries. But it is impossible to avoid: All self-respecting big-wave surfers simply have to pit themselves against it. And so, despite being gripped by fear, they submit to this ultimate surfing challenge that, deep down, nobody wants to take. Giving yourself up to the cold water, getting your bearings as best you can relative to the coast in order to avoid the impact zone, trying not to think about the reefs that just want to break your bones or, even worse, snag the leash of any surfer unlucky enough to be caught in the crusher, thereby condemning him to drown. 

For those unmoved by the prospect of being crushed to death between icy water and jagged rocks, there is more danger to be had. Great white sharks of the North Pacific have a particular predilection for the shallows off Pillar Point.

Pan-American Highway

The world’s longest highway runs from Alaska to Patagonia for almost 28,800 miles (48,000 km). Millions of travel sections of the route, and very few do the whole trip. Daytime TEMPERATURES Arctic lows of -22°F (-30°C) to tropical highs of over 104°F (40°C). 

The Pan-American Highway is so vast that the only way it can be taken in is by a reliable vehicle over a period of several months (some say years). Given the vast expanse of the highway, you’re almost guaranteed to encounter climatic extremes – and everything in between – no matter when you go. However, leaving Alaska anytime between Nov and Mar is never a good idea.

Trying to describe the world’s longest highway is like trying to describe the entire Western American Hemisphere, as that’s exactly what the Pan-American Highway is – a link that travels from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Apart from the notorious Darien Gap, a tantalizing 90-mile (150-km) strip in Panama, you can travel from Alaska’s Prudhoe Bay to the southernmost town in Tierra del Fuego and never leave this mega highway. Literally, almost every ecosystem and habitat on earth is encountered along the way, making this truly the world’s “ultimate road trip.” It is estimated that fewer than 500 people have ever completed the entire grueling journey.

Kumzar - A Beautiful Village in Musandam

Set on an isolated khor at the northern edge of the peninsula, the surprisingly modern town of Kumzar is accessible only by boat. The villagers speak their own language, known as Kumzari – a combination of Farsi, Hindi, English, Portuguese and Arabic. There is nowhere to stay in Kumzar, and there are no sights of special interest in the town. It is nonetheless fascinating to wander around the old stone houses and the souq area to see how this outpost has developed its own unique character. 

Note that officially you are required to have a permit (arranged by pre-booking with a tour company) to enter this or indeed any village in the Musandam khors. Water taxis travel between Khasab and Kumzar, charging an outrageous OR120 (and in excess of OR200 at weekends) for the harrowing trip in a speedboat with no seats and a maximum clearance between deck and gunwale of 15cm. It’s better to organize a day trip through a tour company.

SAN JUAN SKYWAY DRIVE, COLORADO, USA

SAN JUAN SKYWAY DRIVE, COLORADO, USA is a million-dollar drive. A drive through Colorado’s southwestern San Juan Range is spectacular at any time of year. Follow this 235-mile (380-km) route and you’ll pass gushing streams and waterfalls in spring, blankets of wildflowers in summer, and precipitous slopes thick with snow in winter. But the landscape is at its most spectacular in fall when the cottonwood and aspen trees take on a palette of fiery hues. The towns along the road were established after the discovery of precious metals in the area, and remnants of the precarious railway that ran to and from the mines are still visible.

Komodo dragons - Indonesia

WHY NOW See these giant lizards fighting and mating, and see newly hatched little’uns. WHERE Komodo National Park DATES May Komodo dragons weigh upwards of 166kg, can take down and kill a full-grown water buffalo and loom large in the imagination of locals, who revere them as mythical ancestors. 

Reaching lengths of 3m, these prehistoric lizards are the top predator on the few islands where they live, and everything is potential prey – including humans. Visitors to the islands will almost certainly see dragons. During courting season, you may spot big males on their hind legs, struggling to pin each other down. During mating, females fight back so ferociously that an amorous male must fully restrain her in order to avoid being seriously hurt.

Borneo’s bat cave

Borneo has some of the most amazing wildlife in the world. The island is home to orangutans, gibbons, tigers, elephants, rhinos, and other species. Borneo is also known as the land of headhunters.

Borneo was once part of the Indonesian archipelago until it became independent from Indonesia in 1963. Today, Borneo is divided into two countries: Brunei Darussalam and Malaysia. Scientists were stunned in 1977 when they began exploring the massifs around Gunung Mulu and found one record-shattering cave after another. Deer Cave, they discovered, had the world’s largest cave passage and an immense population of bats, which make a nightly exodus. The cave’s 12 bat species (the largest variety for a single cave) are estimated to number in the millions. This colossal mass of critters begins pouring from the cave at around 5pm, while dayflying swiftlets pour back in.

Access to Gunung Mulu is from Miri via a 30-minute flight or 12-hour boat ride. July to September are the driest months to visit. There are several reasons why Borneo is called the Land of Headhunting. First, the indigenous tribes of Borneo were mostly hunters who hunted their prey using spears and arrows. Second, the headhunting tradition continues today. In fact, the practice is still practiced by the Dayak tribe. Third, the headhunting ritual is believed to bring good luck and prosperity. It is also considered a sign of courage and strength. Finally, headhunting is used for warfare, revenge, and intimidation.

The Bat Cave is a limestone cavern located in Sarawak, one of the Malaysian states on the island of Borneo. This cave is inhabited by bats. Most people visit this cave after seeing pictures online. There is no entrance fee to enter the cave but there is a small fee if you want to take a tour around the cave.

The Bat Cave is about 1,500 feet long – that’s about half a mile. The cave gets its name because the bats live inside the cave during the day and fly out at night. Inside the cave, the temperature is always between 60 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The humidity level is high, which means that the air feels damp even when it isn’t raining outside.

The first person to discover the Bat Cave was an American named John White. He discovered the cave in 1881 while searching for gold. At the time, he didn’t realize that the cave had bats living inside. In the early 1900s, British explorers started exploring the caves of Borneo. They found many interesting things like ancient ruins, stalagmites, stalactites, and fossils. Some of these explorers died from diseases they caught such as malaria and dysentery. Others committed suicide because they were so depressed from being in the jungle for months.

In the 1950s, a local guide named Tengku Baharuddin led a group of tourists into the Bat Cave. After entering the cave, the group saw thousands of bats flying around them. Then, they heard strange sounds coming from behind a rock wall. When they turned around, they saw hundreds of bats hanging upside down from the ceiling. These bats were eating insects!

In the 1970s, a group of scientists decided to study the bats in the Bat Cave. They wanted to find out how the bats lived in the cave. To do this, they needed to know more about the bats’ diet. So, they placed cameras in the cave and watched what the bats ate. What they found surprised them. The bats only eat fruit. They don’t eat bugs or meat.

Today, the Bat Cave is very popular with tourists. People come here to see the bats and watch the sunset. If you go to the Bat Cave before noon, you can see lots of bats flying around. However, as the sun sets, the bats start leaving the cave. You might be able to see some bats flying around the cave until midnight.