Pabbi National Forest Park - Punjab Pakistan

It's a beautiful spring day in the park. You just imagine yourself sitting on the wooden bench, the pleasant sunlight on your face, the smell of new coming leaves in your nose & the chirping sound of birds in your ears. What's one word that sums up how you feel when you spend a quiet moment in nature? Pabbi National Forest Park is a sedate and calm place on GT Road located in Sarai-Alamgir, Punjab, Pakistan.  It is an ideal and perfect place to take rest and enjoy nature.

The beautiful standing trees adding lush green beauty that will feel you a sense of calmness and relaxation. These days, life is so hectic and everyone looking for a place where they can spend some time reliving their motivations. If you are tired off of seeing the same places near Lahore or Islamabad, then you should kick-in to go to Pabbi National Park. The park design is similar to Rana Hunting Resort. However, it is a less rush area.  

This is a lovely place for a day out picnic spot. A beautiful wooden pedestrian bridge built alongside a small natural lake to accommodate visitors to reach another side of the lake. The small and slightly brackish natural lake offers extensive reed marshes and rich aquatic vegetation situated in the Pabbi National Forest Park. There are several Bar-B-Que grills that have been erected at different spots to do a grilling event for visitors. Moreover, a jogging track and walkway lead you to the hilltop to view the sunset. In the spring season, overgrown vegetations spreading all over the park.

The wooden benches and huts have been installed for the sitting arrangement of families. The park authorities have assigned guards for security to protect the families. This gorgeous natural park would be a perfect recreational opportunity for the residents of Sara-i-Alamgir and Kharaian.

What you can do at Pabbi National Forest Park?

A number of things you can do there.

1. Natural Lake

2. Jogging Park

3. Walkways

4. Wooden Benches and Huts

5. Wildlife Sanctuary

6. Wetland Ecosystem

7. Rides for Kids

8. Birds Watching

9. Serenity & Relaxation

10. The unique variety of rare wildlife species.

Keep in mind, don’t damage the trees, as they are precious blessing provides countless benefits. Pabbi National Park forest provides multiple benefits i.e., both to humans and animals. They help in control air temperature, generate oxygen, store carbon dioxide, entice wildlife, provide food, water with less impurity, provide different types of woods for furniture making, giving direction to the wind and its speed and keeps the environment healthy. So, be careful as these benefits cannot derive from agriculture.

Qila Rohtas Jehlum, Pakistan

Rohtas Fort is a 16th-century fortress located in Jehlum city in the province of Punjab during the regime of Sher Shah Suri. The nearby Gakhar tribes were strong allies of the Mughal Emperor, so they reject the suzerainty of Sher Shah Suri (The Founder of Suri Dynasty). Rohtas Fort is one of the largest and formidable fortified complexes that has survived for many centuries.

The fort had a profound influence and it has many monumental gateways and big defensive four kilometers walls in circumference. After Sher Shah Suri's death in 1545, his regime fell apart. In 1997, Rohtas Fort has declared a UNESCO world heritage site. The fort is not far away from GT Road, only 8 kilometers. One can easily go there as the road is in perfect condition.

The main purpose of Qila Rohtas to overlooking a gorge, where Kahan River meets seasonal stream within the Tilla Jogian Range. The fort covers an area of 12.63 acres, 2,660 feet above sea level and 300 meters above its surrounding. Although, Qila Rohtas was not a popular place among Mughal Emperors. Because Emperor Akbar and Jahangir stayed a single night during their expedition to Kashmir. The Durrani ruler, Ahmad Shah Durrani used Qila Rohtas during his expedition and invasion to the Sikhs regime. Timur Shah Durrani took the Rohtas Fort from Sikhs in 1780.   

Who Built Rohtas Fort?

As mentioned above, Rohtas Fort was built by Sher Shah Suri, in order to stop the Mughal Emperor Hamayun, exiled to Persia after a heavy defeat in the Battle of Kannaju. Sher Shah Suri knows the importance of the strategic location of Fort, to stop Mughal Emperor and Gakhar tribes. Later, the Fort was served as the capital of the Gakhar Tribes. Rohtas Fort walls have small Machicolations used by soldiers to observe on the inside to pour molten lead and hot liquids on soldiers trying to scale the walls.

When Was Rohtas Fort Built?

In 1541, Sher Shah Suri order to construct a solid defensive fort after the victory over Hamayun. Therefore, the Qila Rohtas was ceded to Hamayun in 1555. Until 1707 the Fort was used during the Mughal era. However, Afghan emperor Nadir Shah and Ahmed Shah Abdali also utilized during the waning days of Mughal Emperor. In 1825, Gurmukh Singh conquered the Rohtas Fort from Nur Khan until British rulers collapsed the Fort.

Qila Rohtas Layout?

The fort wall varies, from ten to eighteen meters with its 10 to 13-meter thickness. The walls were constructed with ashlar stone. It has 12 gates and 68 u-shaped bastions with the best masonry work on it. Some of its famous gates are Sohail Bukhari, Shah Chandwali, Kabuli, Shishi, Langar Khani, Talaqi, Mori or Kashmiri, Khwas Khani, Gatali, Tulla Mori, Pippli, and Sar.

Moreover, the remains of Shahi Masjid are still is near the Kabuli gate. Moreover, the Rani Mahal also exists near the one storey Haveli Man Singh. The fort depicts of Masculine architecture, had no permanent building for living. Rohtas Fort is a beautiful combination of Middle Eastern, Turkish, and South Asian artistic traditions.

Calligraphy and Artwork

The stones beautifully carved on the Masjid and gate engraving in the Arabic language. One stone is magnificently carved with the word “Allah”. In the Shahi Masjid, the First Kalima is beautifully written on both sides of every arch. The Shishi gate inscribed the date of commencing in the Persian language.

Also, there are inscriptions found on Talaqi Gate, Gatali Gate, Langar Khani, and Khwas Khani gate. Moreover, plaster has been applied to Shahi Masjid. Rohtas Fort magnificent decorative elements, its high and low-relief carvings, calligraphic inscription in marble and sandstone, plaster ornaments, and glaze tiles showing the early Muslim military architecture.

Rohtas Qila still stands after several centuries to bear the seepage, torrential rains, overlooked by local government, caused some damage to few gates. However, rainwater has badly damaged its bastion and supporting walls and erosion of its foundation. Moreover, many legends believe the Rohtas Fort showing true high-level integrity and legitimacy.

Outside Langer Khani gate, a lady named Khair-un-Nisa died here, (daughter of Food Minister Qadir Bukhsh) and she was buried here, but after some time she moved to Sasaram a city in the Bahar State of India.  There is a Gurudwara Chowa located outside the Talaqi Gate.

Distance from Lahore and Islamabad?

From Islamabad, almost 110 kilometers travel on GT Road to a small city of Dina. Moreover, from Lahore Rohtas Fort is 217 kilometers, and it took 4 hours and 15 drive on GT road. When you reached Dina, keep looking at the display board of Fort, giving directions of 8km, which leads to Qila Rohtas.

This road is an excellent condition, so you won’t have any problems. Rohtas Fort is now a popular tourist place, which should be developed a little more for the visitors. Some tuck shops are available there to have snacks, water, and cold drinks. Moreover, you can explore Mangla Dam and Pabbi National Park on a day trip along with Rohtas Qila.

Okvavango Delta Botswana

This inland delta, where the Okavango River meets the Kalahari Desert, has been called the world's largest oasis. The Okavango, a tributary of the mighty Zambezi, creates a unique "water in the desert" ecosystem the size of Switzerland, forming floodplains, Lagoons, channels, and islands where, as a local brochure sayso if you see l0 percent of what sees you, it's an exceptional day." 

A magnet for wildlife since time immemorial, it is also a magnet for safari connoisseurs who like the European explorer David Livingstone in I849 come for the chance to travel deep into the continent in search of untamed Africa. The birdlife is second to none, and there are legions of elephants, zebras, buffalos, giraffes, and hippos. As you glide through a labyrinth of papyrus-fringed and lily-covered waterways in the traditional mokoro dugout canoe or explore its islands and islets on foot, you're immersed in a lush, otherworldly environment of teeming colors and sounds. 

On the delta's eastern fringes is the Moremi Wildlife Reserve, whose remarkable landscapes are some of the most scenic in southern Africa. Together they are a magical environment, understood by no one so well as Soren Lindstrom, the area's safari guide extraordinaire. His comfortable mobile camp stays one step ahead of you (moving to strategic sites with names like Xaxanaxa, overlooking a hippo pool) as you float, walk and jeep around one of the leading wildlife areas of southern Africa.

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Scola Tower - Italy

Italy has a rich history of the fortress; hence every town has many ancient places to see. Scola Tower is one of them, a military building located in the province of La Spezia. The tradition and architecture of Scola Tower showcase rich history. It was built in the 17th century with large blocks of square stone that still stands 42ft tall in the sea. The main object to build this tower for the defense system of the senate of the Genoa in order to protect the coast, surrounding towns and villages.

The historian believed, the Scola Tower was made to accommodate 8 to 10 soldiers, comprising a Captain, a bomber, commanders, and their guards. Earlier this tower was also called “Torre di San Giovanni Battista” and “Tower of St. John the Baptist”. Early chronicles claim the tower was built at the cost of 56,000 Genoese liras.

The pentagonal shape tower has 4 feet thick wall. That is why the architecture of this tower still stands in the sea. In the 18th century, the naval battle between the British and Napoleon badly damaged the structure, eventually no other option to left it abandoned. As time passed, the tower lost its defense purpose, and authorities found the structure useless. In 1915, it was planned to demolish. But luckily Socla Tower kept saving by Ubaldo Mazzini an official of the Ministry of Public Education by realizing its historical value and make some structure improvement.

For many years, the tower was a place for the Italian Navy target practice. In the 20th century, travelers realized the value of old buildings and paying visits regularly. Therefore, the Italian government realize the importance of this historic tower and systematically restored between 1976 till 1980 to save the structure for future generations.

Eventually, it becomes a popular tourist attraction in Palmaria (island) in Porto Venere in the Gulf of Poets. The loneliest nature creates an opportunity for tourists to come here and enjoy the unforgettable surroundings of water. They can relax their mind and body to view the history of this beautiful tower. The dramatic and fascinating beauty is one of the most characteristic features in the Gulf of poets.

Moreover, it is an ideal place for photography in the shadow of ruined blocks. Many areas of tower are overgrown vegetation inside the interior and top of the tower, which is adding dazzling beauty to photographers.  

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The Museum of Death

The Museum of Death shows art and artifacts and several paintings of serial killers to shrunken heads. In June 1995, J.D. Healy and Catherine Shultz brought their rare collection of autopsy videos, pieces of taxidermy, skeletons, body bags, skulls, coffins, letters, many images sent by serial killers, and numerous death-themed oddities to the French quarter. 

The California based museum exhibits very dreadful graphics, not for faint-hearted or weak stomachs peoples. Although, no age barrier in the museum, as they said, “WE ALL DIE”, then why don’t be afraid, however, primary cautions and consideration are highly urged.

Normally, visitors hesitate to visit the Museum, but one who does the visit, get a free t-shirt, that marks the printing of “I passed out at the Museum of Death and Live to talk about it” and they call them “falling down ovations” at the museum. The museum notable item is the head of Henri Landru’s.

One of the dangerous suicide machines of Dr. Jack Kevorkian’s installed in the museum, along with a business card of Jack Ruby, who murdered Lee Harvey Oswald, who killed U.S. President J.F Kennedy. Several letters of notorious serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer and “Unabomber” & Ted Kaczynski. Also, a special room fixed to display taxidermy different types of animals.

The painting of serial killer John Wayne Gacy, and his hair recovered from the crime scenes from the O.J. Simpson trial and Manson Family pictures. Moreover, autopsies videos of death are not reenacted, happening on the screen, which is a big part of the reason for Healy’s warning about who should visit. Exhibits on terrorism, cannibalism, and embalming are included, as well as a collection of shrunken heads.

Normally, it takes about 45 minutes to view the museum of death. However, if anyone wants to take a long time if he wants too. But keep in mind, no pictures are allowed. The purpose to build this museum to educate people about death which is the ultimate event of human life. So, they should live life without the fear of death. The founders want to limb the conversation around death since too often it doesn’t come up until it is too late.

Annual CompetitionMoreover, the death of the museum holds a Black Dahlia look-alike competition annually. The participants dressed as both pre and post mortem Dahlia.

New Orleans BranchThe couple had opened a new museum branch in New Orleans, that is called "Musee de Mort Orleans" covering 12,000 square meters of space. Now the ample space allowing them to display more collections. This museum is surrounding the subject of death items.  

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Obelisk’s Perilous Voyage Egypt’s stone

An Obelisk’s Perilous Voyage Egypt’s stone originally raised in homage to the sun have been coveted since Roman times as symbols of conquest and mysterious power. it is  Weighing an average of 150 tons, the granite pillars challenged those who would carry them off, as Sir James Alexander discovered in 1877.

The obelisk of the Englishman’s attentions was Cleopatra’s Needle, sixty-eight feet tall It had been presented to England half a century earlier by the Egyptian ruler Muhammed Ali. Attempts to collect the prize in Alexandria, however, had met only with frustration. Bringing it home was a matter of pride for the patriotic Alexander.

His solution was to encase the obelisk in a watertight iron cylinder and roll it to the sea on huge timber wheels. Once afloat, the cylinder was fitted out with a keel, rudder, deck, and cabin. Appropriately christened the Cleopatra, this strange vessel was hauled out to sea by the steamship Olga in September 1877.

The journey was a harrowing one, marked by a gale that forced the captain temporarily to abandon his foundering ship Reclaimed and repaired, the monument glided into the Thames River on January 21, 1878, and was installed on the river’s banks.

The obelisk remains there to this day, still invoking Egyptian sun-believers under London’s rainy skies.

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The Shona and Great Zimbabwe

Further inland from the coastal cities, other Bantu groups were establishing powerful empires based on one of the region’s most precious and profitable resources: gold. During the 800s, a Bantuspeaking people called the Shona settled in the valley of the Limpopo River in southern Africa. By 1000, they had moved onto an area of rich farmland between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. There, the Shona established a thriving empire. Shona Empire The empire that the Shona carved out of the grasslands of southern Africa consisted of numerous Zimbabwe’s, or settlements encircled by large stone walls.

The term Zimbabwe comes from a Shona phrase, dzimba dza mabwe, which means “houses of stone.” The ruins of about 150 such structures are scattered throughout the present-day southern African countries of Botswana, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. Great Zimbabwe the largest of the Shona settlements was known as Great Zimbabwe. It was the center of the Shona empire.

The city and its surrounding area covered more than 100 acres and had a population of 10,000 to 20,000 people. Geography played an important role in Great Zimbabwe’s rise. The region was surrounded by huge plains that the Shona used for farming and cattle raising. Great Zimbabwe was also located near key trade routes.

There are three main sections of Great Zimbabwe: The Valley Ruins, the Hill Complex, and the Great Enclosure. The Great Enclosure is the largest and most significant of these sections. Archaeologists think that the Great Enclosure was used as a home for kings and queens. From the air, the Great Enclosure looks like a giant necklace. Its outer wall is about 820 feet around and rises as high as 36 feet. An inner wall runs along part of the outer wall.

The two walls form a narrow passageway that leads to a 33-foot-high cone-shaped tower. The tower’s purpose remains a mystery. At one time, the enclosure contained elaborate buildings constructed of daga brick made from mud or clay. Shona builders cut stone blocks for the Great Enclosure’s walls from the granite hills around the city. They carved the blocks with such precision that nothing was needed to hold them in place. Many of the Great Enclosure’s walls are as smooth as a modern brick wall. The most elaborate walls probably date from the 1300s and 1400s.

Great Zimbabwe the largest remaining section of Great Zimbabwe is called the Great Enclosure. Its maximum diameter is about the length of a football field, and its walls are about 36 feet high. 1 Scholars believe kings and queens lived in the Great Enclosure, while farmers and workers lived outside. 2 A passage between the outer and inner walls leads to a 33-foot cone-shaped tower.

Historians speculate that it may have had religious purposes. Gold, Trade, and Decline Great Zimbabwe became an influential center of wealth and power due to the trade routes that passed through the city. The key product that traveled along these routes was gold. Gold was one of the main goods traded between Africa and the lands of India and China. Great Zimbabwe did not produce gold. However, it stood between the gold-producing regions to the west and the trading cities along the eastern coast. As a result, Great Zimbabwe’s leaders could tax those traveling the routes. They could also demand gold from the region’s less powerful leaders.

The city became the center of the international gold trade. Scholars estimate that at its peak, travelers carried more than 2,000 pounds of gold through Great Zimbabwe every year. During the 1400s, Great Zimbabwe began to decline. Some historians say that drought and the overuse of grazing land caused a resource shortage. Others argue that people left to take advantage of shifting trade networks. Whatever the reason, Great Zimbabwe was abandoned by 1500.

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