Grand Prismatic Spring United States

If you visit Yellowstone National Park, then you must go to the Grand Prismatic Spring, which is the largest hot spring in the US, and the third largest in the world, after Frying Pan Lake in New Zealand and Boiling Lake in Dominica. Yellowstone is home to thousands of thermal features and Grand Prismatic Spring is one of them, it is about 250 by 300 feet in size and is 160 feet deep. The spring discharges an estimated 560 US gallons of 160 °F water per minute. It is located in the Midway Geyser Basin. In 1871, it was noted by geologists working in the Hayden Geological Survey, and named by them for its prominent coloration. Because its colors match the rainbow dispersion of white light by an optical prism: red, orange, yellow, green, and blue.

The first records of the spring are from early European explorers and surveyors. In 1839, a group of fur trappers from the American Fur Company crossed the Midway Geyser Basin and made note of a "boiling lake", most likely the Grand Prismatic Spring, with a diameter of 300 feet. In 1870 the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition visited the spring, noting a 50-foot geyser nearby Excelsior. The gorgeous vivid colors in the spring are the result of pigmented bacteria in the microbial mats that grow around the edges of the mineral-rich water.

The bacteria produce colors ranging from green to red; the amount of color in the microbial mats depends on the ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoids and on the temperature of the water which favors one bacterium over another. In the summer season, the mats likely to be orange and red, while in the winter season the mats are generally dark green. The center of the pool is sterile due to intense heat. The deep blue color of the water in the center of the pool results from the intrinsic blue color of water, itself the result of water's selective absorption of red wavelengths of visible light. However this effect is responsible for making all large bodies of water blue, it is mainly penetrating in Grand Prismatic Spring because of the high purity and depth of the water in the middle of the spring.

Well, The Grand Prismatic Spring is truly a natural wonder has a lot to live up to and this huge hot spring in Yellowstone Park is more than up to the task with its bright rainbow ring of colors. The Grand Prismatic Spring is one of America's most striking sites to look at, just don't touch as the boiling heat could likely melt skin from bone, mixing blood red into the deep blue.  Without any doubt this is one of the coolest things to see if you're in Yellowstone, absolutely stunning, definitely worth a visit. Because the springs have some beautiful colors surrounding it, which you’ve often see in your life.  This is truly a breathtaking place and even sunlight is a huge part in seeing the vivacity of the colors, wait out the clouds if you can!

Cueva de los Verdes; A Popular Tourist Attraction in Spain

Cueva de los Verdes also called “Verdes Cave” is a lava tube and a popular tourist attraction of the Haria municipality on the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands Spain. It is protected area of Canary Island, and it lies within the Monumento Natural del Malpaís de La Corona. It is estimated, that cave was created somewhere 3,000 years ago by heavy lave flows erupted from the nearby volcano Monte Corona flowing across the Malpaís de la Corona toward the sea. The Caves are not named after the color “Green”, but rather a family whose surname was Verde (Green), although the Caves are really colorful, particularly since they’ve been carefully and thoughtfully artificially lit for the public. It is suggested that the caves are definitely worth a visit and if the molten wax-like rock isn't adequate to impress you, the secret of Cueva de los Verdes will be. The flow of lava streams cooled on top, emerging a solid crust, before the lava drained away leaving the top part as the roof of a cave.

There is actually a chamber within the tunnel which is known as “The Refuge”, because it was so often used for shelter. Almost on 20 spots, the cave roof was collapsed, developing a cavern recognized locally as a jameo. The cave is about 6 kilometers above sea level and for another 1.5 kilometers below the sea. Moreover one jameo forms the entrance to the Cueva de los Verdes and two kilometers of the cave system were developed for tourists in the 1960s, with the cave walls illuminated by colorful lights. The beautiful cave is also famed for its concert hall which is situated closes the entrance and exit of the cave. The concert hall has about 15 to 20 rows with 26 seats in each row, allowing up to 500 people in the concert hall at once.

The inhabitants of earlier centuries throughout Lanzarote hid in this cave to protect themselves from European pirates. It is absolutely a site worth visiting, the beauty of the caves is astonishing and it is undoubtedly one of the most interesting volcanic structures on the island. However it is a big cave which is lit for effect rather than visibility and some people may find it claustrophobic. So if caves and underground places really don't turn you on, you would probably be better visiting the Mirador del Rio. As there aren't a lot of facilities at the Green Cave, you really want to combine it with a visit to the nearby Jameos del Agua. Not like various tourist attractions, it is hard to tell that there has been any human intervention in the cave structure. Although the main work has gone into a splendid lighting system which highlights the walls of the cave amazingly well.

Cize–Bolozon Viaduct: A Rail-Road Crossing Bridge in France

SNCF B 81661 is passing is a spectacular scene on the Cize-Bolozon viaduct which is a road-rail bridge crossing the Ain gorge in France. The Cize–Bolozon viaduct is a combination of rail and vehicular viaduct crossing the Ain gorge linking the communes of Cize and Bolozon. Therefore an original span built in the same location in 1875 was actually ruined in World War 2. It was reconstructed as a vital post-war plan due to its position on a main line to Paris; however the new viaduct revived in May 1950. Interestingly The Cize Bolozon viaduct was only opened five years after the end of the war, on 14 May 1950.

Unique engineering works on the line include the road-rail Cize-Bolozon viaduct, carrying the railway on the high level and the road on the low level and the overhead conductor rail used in the Bolozon I and Bolozon II tunnels and the open track in between. It carries road and rail traffic at diverse levels: the railway, which was barred for reinforcement and restoration work in 2005, occupies the upper level. The vehicles which are crossing the Cize-Bolozon viaduct, the speed falls to 80 km/h, and then picks up again to 90 through the Bolozon and Mornay tunnels.

Nevertheless the part of the Ligne du Haut-Bugey reopened in December 2010 as part of the international Paris–Geneva line. However the local road from Poncin to Thoirette uses the lower level. Racouse tunnel takes the line through the second ridge of the Revermont, and then the Cize-Bolozon viaduct crosses the river Ain to Bolozon station. Numerous bridges were destroyed in 1944, starting with the bridge over the Suran on July 8, followed by the Cize Bolozon viaduct on the 8th and the Reyssouze Bridge on 2 September.

Israel–Egypt Border; A barrier Which Can be Visible from Space

It’d be really curious to see border between Egypt and Israel from space, which is difference in shades of the terrain in unrefined areas, is the result of overgrazing on the Egyptian side of the border. The barrier refers to a border barrier actually built by Israel along sections of its border with Egypt. It was actually an attempt to control the arrival of illegal migrants from African countries. Though, increased insurgent movement across the southern border in 2011, then Israel decides to upgrade the steel barrier project also installing cameras, radar and motion detectors.

The barrier construction was completed in its main section in Jan 2013. Then the final section of the fence was completed in December 2013.  The 245 mile barrier took 3 years to construct, with an estimated cost of NIS 1.6 Billion, making it one of the largest projects in Israel's history. Later on, number of countries including United States, and India adopt this border technology, and some of these countries may implement these technologies as part of their own border barriers. Moreover smuggling of cigarettes and notorious drugs often carried on camels by Bedouins whose tribal lands straddle the border, has been a long-term problem.

Thousands of people try to cross barrier to enter in Israel every year, mainly because of economic growth. The barrier was originally planned in response to control illegal migrants who successfully entered Israel across the border, mainly smuggled different things, and sometimes they’ve lost their lives in this process. The fence has two layers of fencing, one with barbed wire, and the barrier structure includes the installation of progressive surveillance equipment. Eventually the whole border will be sealed. Though Egypt has no objection until fence construction built on Israeli Soil.